WEEK 6

with 

BISMILLAHIRRAHMANIRRAHIM

INTRODUCTION

In this weeks, im doing some study about the circuit of the project and understand as well. By this, i will more understand about how the circuit work. This is methods is needed the knowledge what had i already study from semester 1 till now; from the basic of principles of the components to the components give an effect to the circuit (combination of the circuit).

UNDERSTAND THE MAIN CHARACTERISTIC

In this circuit, there were four of the main characteristic and one the main component

• Comparator
• Monostable
• Schmitt Trigger
• Astable
• LDR (component)

1.0 FOR MAIN CHARACTERISTIC DESCRIPTION 

1.1 Comparator

Use LDR resistance and 4k7 ohm as voltage divider for Tripping voltage (at negative)

For the Reference voltage(at positive), it used a permanent resistor (not adjustable)

V1 > V2, Vo=1

V1< V2,  Vo=0

1.2 Monostable 

Monostable is giving a stable state for a certain time only.

It receive input from comparator at leg 6 for IC 7556.

Monostable circuit is function to avoid the light system is off for a moment when a sudden light coming

1.3 Schemitt Trigger

Circuit has fast change over one state to others state.

In this project we used  1 transistor to produce  this effect. And the second one is an emitter follower.

The circuit will drive to turn on the light

1.4 Astable 

Act as clock pulse for IC 4017. An Astable circuit produces a 'square waves' , this is digital waveform with sharp transition between (0v) and high (+vs). this circuit is not stable at any state. the output continue to changing from low to high

2.0 LDR DESCRIPTION 

LDR is Light Dependant Resistor. Output is in resistance. Two Cadmium Sulphide photoconductive cell with spectral response similar to that of the human eye.

3.0 PROJECT FLOWCHART

In this project, comparator is used to read data from the LDR (sensor) and control the either only LED1 or both LEDS will be switch on. Where in the real thing, the LED1 is assumed as car light system while LED2 is assumed as car’s high beam. Figure shows how the system work